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The mir-2 microRNA family includes the microRNA genes mir-2 and mir-13 ((MIPF0000049 )). Mir-2 is widespread in invertebrates, and it is the largest family of microRNAs in the model species ''Drosophila melanogaster''. MicroRNAs from this family are produced from the 3' arm of the precursor hairpin. Leaman ''et al.'' showed that the miR-2 family regulates cell survival by translational repression of proapoptotic factors. Based on computational prediction of targets, a role in neural development and maintenance has been suggested.〔 == Species distribution == The mir-2 family is specific to protostomes.〔 There are 8 mir-2-related loci in ''Drosophila melanogaster'': ''mir-2a-1'', ''mir-2a-2'', ''mir-2b-1'', ''mir-2b-2'', ''mir-2c'', ''mir-13a'', ''mir-13b-1'' and ''mir-13b-2''. Most other insect genomes host five mir-2 loci although the number varies in other invertebrates.〔 Mir-13 subfamily emerged from mir-2 sequences before the insect radiation.〔 Although mir-11 and mir-6 have similar sequences to mir-2 microRNAs, they are not evolutionarily related,〔 and therefore should not be considered from the same microRNA family. Mir-2 hairpin precursor sequences are highly conserved, in particular in their 3' arm in which the first 10 nucleotides are identical to all family members. Functional mir-2 microRNAs come from the 3' arm of the precursors, and most of them have the same Drosha processing point.〔〔 That means that the seed sequence is virtually the same in all these products, hence, they should target the same transcripts. Mir-2 microRNAs are organized in a large cluster in most insects. This cluster has typically 5 members of the mir-2 family plus mir-71, an evolutionarily unrelated microRNA.〔〔 The number of mir-2 sequences differs among invertebrate lineages although they remain tightly clustered in the genome. A notable exception has been observed in ''Drosophila melanogaster'', in which the mir-2 family is organized in two clusters and two single loci.〔 Additionally, mir-7 microRNA has been lost in the ''Drosophila'' lineage.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mir-2 microRNA precursor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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